Parvovirus B19 Infection in an Immunocompromised Patient: Case Report

Abstract

Parvovirus B19 infection (fifth disease) is common during
childhood. In adults, symptoms of parvovirus B19 infection
depend on patients’ immune and hematologic status. Immunocompetent adults present with influenza-like symptoms and arthralgia. In patients with anemia, transient aplastic crisis and severe anemia may happen. In immunodeficiency states, chronic anemia is common. We report a case of an immunocompromised patient with acute parvovirus B19 infection. She presented with gradual dyspnea, asthenia, fever and diarrhea for few months, which got worse in the previous week. Laboratory investigations revealed hypoproliferative anemia. Afterwards, there were symptoms of heart failure, despite normal echocardiography. Serologic studies revealed anti B19 IgM in the absence of IgG antibody. Hence, we assumed acute parvovirus B19 infection. With supportive treatment, clinical response and hematologic recovery took place. Diagnosis of parvovirus B19 infection in adults requires high index of suspicion and should be considered
towards a patient with unexplained hypoproliferative anemia.